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What is DAX and how it works in Microsoft Excel?

We have seen in PowerPivot articles that, PowerPivot has its own functions for getting a calculative value in Calculation Column. It is very similar to an Excel function. For example in Excel you can use SUM(), COUNTIF() etc. In PowerPivot you can use Related() and others power functions which allow you to create advanced calculation on data stored in multiple tables. You can called it as PowerPivot Language. The PowerPivot language is called Data Analysis Expressions, but we always use the shorter DAX acronym.

Image 1: DAX - PowerPivot Language


How DAX Works?

Just like Excel, any calculation in DAX begins with the '=' (equal) sign. But the main difference is that DAX never calculate a single cell like P3, B4 etc like Excel does. In DAX, it always calculates for whole column which you will mention. Moreover you need to use Column Name and Table Name for whole column calculation in DAX. DAX does not support range as Excel does.

In a DAX function, you can get the value of a column only for a single row or for the whole table. You cannot get access to a specific row inside a table. To get a range, you need to use DAX functions that filter a table, thus returning a subset of the rows of the original table, corresponding to the needed range.


Examples:

In Excel:

=SUM(A1:B10)

In DAX:

=SUM([Quantity])

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